Towards Non-Contact, Remote Measurement of Structural Dynamics and SHM at Scale
Accurate monitoring of bridge deflection and vibration is essential for understanding structural performance, fatigue behavior, and long-term safety. Traditional methods—such as strain gauges, accelerometers, and displacement transducers—provide local information but require contact installation, surface preparation, and often disrupt traffic.
At Ommatidia LiDAR, we are advancing non-contact bridge monitoring through our Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer. This system combines multi-channel coherent sensing and advanced photonic integration, enabling simultaneous 3D measurement of vibration and displacement across entire bridge spans—from a safe, remote location.
By monitoring bridge deflection with Ommatidia’s Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer, engineers can now achieve precision interferometric measurements at field scale without interrupting operations.
Technical Insights: From Optical Coherence to Structural Dynamics
At the heart of the system lies Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) interferometry, a laser-based technique that measures absolute distance and Doppler velocity through frequency-swept sources.
Using massively parallel photonic integrated circuits (PICs), the Q-Series sensor analyzes 128 optical channels in real time. Each channel performs interferometric ranging and vibrometry simultaneously.
This architecture enables the system to deliver:
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Sub-millimeter displacement resolution at ranges beyond 50 meters
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Simultaneous measurement of hundreds of points with coherent phase stability
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Multi-kilohertz sampling rates suitable for modal and transient response analysis
These features make the Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer ideal for continuous or load-test bridge deflection monitoring.
Learn More About the Q2 Laser Radar →
Field Test: Measuring Deflection in a Multi-Span Road Bridge
In a recent field test, we deployed a Q1s FMCW Laser Doppler Vibrometer beneath a multi-span road bridge on Calle de la Hierbabuena, Tres Cantos, Spain (Figure 1).
The setup was completed within minutes using only a tripod-mounted sensor head, computer, and batteries. The 128 laser channels were aligned along the axis of the bridge deck to record the deflection profile during live traffic.
Google Maps view (left) and image of the bridge (right). Bridge deflection monitoring setup using Ommatidia’s Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer.
To streamline data collection, Ommatidia developed Deflection Guard™, a software suite designed for real-time bridge deflection monitoring. It combines laser radar (distance) and laser Doppler velocimetry (velocity) modes for maximum accuracy. How Deflection Guard™ works: The user enters the distances from the Q1s unit to bridge pillars and the tripod height. Measurements are taken every 50 ms, allowing full data or video reconstruction later. The first scan defines a baseline for absolute distance and height at each measurement spot. The system then switches to velocimetry mode, capable of detecting velocities down to 10 nm/s and displacements in the picometer range. Bridge deflection can be measured within minutes, safely and remotely, without placing any worker in danger.Deflection Guard™ Software for Real-Time Monitoring
Configuration of the measurements. The dotted green line is a guide to the eye. Bridge deflection monitoring setup using Ommatidia’s Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer.
Results: Real-Time Bridge Deflection and Vibration Data
During live traffic testing, Deflection Guard™ captured the bridge’s deflection profile as a truck passed overhead.
The maximum vertical deflection recorded was approximately 0.3 mm.
The dynamic data, acquired at 40 kHz, also enable detailed modal and transient vibration analysis.
Deflection Guard™ interface showing unloaded and loaded bridge states.
Software interface displaying bridge deflection before and after truck passage.
From Load Test to Digital Twin Development
The collected datasets form the foundation of a digital twin for the bridge.
By processing these data, engineers can extract modal parameters, frequency response functions, and indicators of damping or stiffness. Over time, this information allows visualization of structural changes and early detection of degradation long before visible damage occurs.
Recent developments include:
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Multi-unit synchronization for large or multi-span bridges
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Continuous unattended monitoring for long-term SHM
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Automated data fusion and dashboard integration for real-time insights
Towards Scalable Structural Health Monitoring
This study demonstrates how non-contact optical vibrometry can complement or replace traditional bridge instrumentation.
By eliminating the need for sensor installation, the Q-Series Laser Doppler Vibrometer enables rapid deployment, minimal maintenance, and continuous coverage—ideal for modern infrastructure management.
For structural dynamics researchers, it provides a new method to validate models and analyze modal interactions.
For civil and bridge engineers, it offers an efficient, field-ready tool for maintenance planning, life-extension analysis, and post-event assessment.
As Ommatidia LiDAR expands into railway and highway monitoring, the Q-Series continues redefining optical Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) with earlier anomaly detection, safer inspections, and smarter asset management.
About Ommatidia LiDAR
Ommatidia LiDAR S.L. designs and manufactures advanced FMCW LiDAR systems powered by photonic integrated circuits.
Its Q-Series Laser RADAR platform delivers high-precision metrology and scalable architecture for industrial inspection, aerospace instrumentation, and civil infrastructure monitoring.
